Relationship between the values of blood parameters and physical status in neonatal calves with sepsis
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the clinical, hematological, blood gases and biochemical parameters in calves with sepsis in different conditions in terms of standing ability and laterally recumbency. 30 calves, aged 1-30 days, diagnosed with sepsis were used in the study. The calves in the study were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 14 calves with sepsis who were in a sternal recumbency position and could stand up only with assistance. Group B consisted of 16 calves with sepsis who were in a lateral recumbency position and could not stand up even with help. After clinical examination, blood samples were taken from the calves for blood gas, hematological and biochemical analyses. It was determined that none of the calves in group B, which lateral recumbency, had a sucking reflex except two, seven calves experienced complete loss of consciousness, and four calves died during the treatment process. Among the calves in group A, which tended to sternal recumbency, it was determined that eight calves did not have a sucking reflex, all of them were conscious, and four calves died during the treatment process. It was determined that metabolic acidosis (low pH, HCO3 and BE) was more severe (p<0.05) and capillary refill time was significantly prolonged in the calves with lateral recumbency that could not stand, compared to calves that could stand or were in sternal recumbency. As a result, it has been revealed that the evaluation of the recumbency position (sternal/lateral) in calves with sepsis can be an important criterion as an indicator of the general health status of the animals and the severity of metabolic acidosis.
Keywords
Project Number
V-003
References
- Aydogdu, U., Coskun, A., Yildiz, R., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2019). Clinical importance of lipid profile in neonatalcalves with sepsis. Journal of the Hellenic VeterinaryMedical Society, 69(4), 1189-1194.https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15926.
- Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Başbuğ, O., Türk, S., & Ağaoğlu, Z. T. (2023). The relationship between the severity of azotemia and blood gases in 101 calves with neonatal diarrhea. Veterinarski arhiv, 93(1), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv. 1591.
- Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Yıldız, R., Güzelbekteş, H., & Şen, İ. (2018). Sistemik yangısal cevap sendromlu buzağılarda hematolojik parametreler ve serum demir düzeyindeki değişimler. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 34(1), 56-59. https://doi.org/10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.2018.180.
- Bedenice D. Sepsis in Foals. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition/management-of-the-neonate/sepsis-in-foals#:~:text=Sepsis%20is%20a%20cli nical%20syndrome,%2C%20and%20liver%2C%20can%20occur. Erişim Tarihi: 17.12.2023.
- Biolatti, C., Bellino, C., Borrelli, A., Capucchio, M., Gianella, P., Maurella, C., Miniscalco, B., Nebbia, P., Zoppi, S., Cagnasso, A., & D'Angelo, A. (2012). Sepsis and bacterial suppurative meningitis-meningoencephalitis in critically ill neonatal Piedmontese calves: clinical approach and laboratory findings. Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde, 154(6), 239 246. https://doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000339.
- Bonelli, F., Meucci, V., Divers, T. J., Boccardo, A., Pravettoni, D., Meylan, M., Belloli, A. G., & Sgorbini, M. (2018). Plasma procalcitonin concentration in healthy calves and those with septic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Veterinary journal (London, England: 1997), 234, 61–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.02.003.
- Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H., & Grünberg, W. (2017). Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of thediseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 11thed., Saunders Ltd, Philadelphia.
- Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2012a). Lipopolisakkarit ile endotoksemi oluşturulan buzağılarda akut faz cevap ve klinik değişimler. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 28 (1), 21-26.
- Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2012b). Haematological, biochemical and coagulation changes in calves with endotoxemia. Agricultural Journal, 7(1), 37-41.
- Coskun, A., Aydogdu, U., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2020). The levels of trace elements and macrominerals in calves with sepsis. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(3), 351-355. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2019.23187.
- Dawes, M. E., Tyler, J. W., Hostetler, D. E., Nagy, D. W., & Tessman, R. K. (2013). Clinical examination, diagnostic testing, and treatment options for neonatal calves with diarrhea: A review. The Bovine Practitioner, 48(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol48no1p61-75.
- Fecteau G. Neonatal Septicemia in Bovine Neonates. (2023). https://www.msdvetmanual.com/ management-and-nutrition/management-of-the-neonate/neonatal-septicemia-in-bovine-neonates#:~:text=Septicemia%20is%20a%20syndrome%20with,%2C%20septic%20shock%2C%20and%20death. Erişim Tarihi: 17.12.2023.
- Fecteau, G., Smith, B. P., & George, L. W. (2009). Septicemia and meningitis in the newborn calf. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 25(1), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.10.004.
- Guzelbektes, H., Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2007). Relationship between the degree of dehydration and the balance of acid-based changes in dehydrated calves with diarrhoea. Bulletin-Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 51(1), 83.
- Guzelbektes, H., Sen, I., Aydogdu, U., Er, C., & Coşkun, A. (2022). Investigation of cytokine levels in calves with sepsis. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 73(2), 4113 4118. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26655.
- Lofstedt, J., Dohoo, I. R., & Duizer, G. (1999). Model to predict septicemia in diarrheic calves. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 13(2), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1892/0891 6640(1999)013<0081:mtpsid>2.3.co;2.
- Mee J. F. (2008). Newborn dairy calf management. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 24(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.10.002.
- Mee, J.F. (2008) Managing the calf at calving time. In Proceedings of the Forty-First Annual Conference, American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Charlotte, NC, USA, 25–27 September ; pp. 46–53.
- Pas, M. L., Bokma, J., Lowie, T., Boyen, F., & Pardon, B. (2023). Sepsis and survival in critically ill calves: Risk factors and antimicrobial use. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 37(1), 374–389. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16607.
- Stocker, H., Lutz, H., Kaufmann, C., & Rüsch, P. (1999). Acid-base disorders in milk-fed calves with chronic indigestion. The Veterinary record, 145(12), 340–346. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.145.12.340.
- Szenci O. (2023). Importance of monitoring fetal and neonatal vitality in bovine practices. Animals (Basel), 13(6), 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061081
- Turgut K (2000). Veteriner Klinik laboratuar Teşhis. 2. baskı. Bahçıvanlar baskı, Konya.
- Vaala W.E., House J.K., Lester G.D. (2009). Neonatal infection. In: Large Animal Internal Medicine, Fourth Edition. Eds. P.B. Smith, Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis MO, USA, pp. 281-292.
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, ayakta durabilme yeteneği ve yerde yatma şekli açısından farklı durumdaki sepsisli buzağılarda klinik, hematolojik, kan gazları ve biyokimyasal parametreleri ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada sepsis tanısı konulan 1-30 günlük 30 adet buzağı kullanıldı. Çalışmadaki buzağılar iki gruba ayrıldı. A grubunu sternal yatış pozisyonunda ve yardımla ayağa kalkabilen 14 sepsisli buzağı; B grubu ise lateral yatış pozisyonunda olup yardımla bile ayağa kalkamayan 16 sepsisli buzağıdan oluştu. Buzağılardan klinik muayene sonrası kan gazları, hematolojik ve biyokimyasal analizler için kan örnekleri alındı. Lateral yatış gösteren B grubunda yalnızca iki buzağıda emme refleksi vardı. Yedi buzağıda tam bilinç kaybı gözlenmiş, dört buzağı ise tedavi tamamlanmadan ölmüştür. Sternal yatış eğilimi gösteren A grubundaki buzağılarda ise sekiz buzağıda emme refleksinin olmadığı, hepsinin bilinçlerinin yerinde olduğu ve dört buzağının tedavi tamamlanmadan öldüğü belirlendi. Ayakta duramayan lateral yatıştaki buzağılarda, ayakta durabilen buzağılara göre metabolik asidozun (düşük pH, HCO3 ve BE) daha şiddetli olduğu (p<0.05) ve kapiller geri dolum süresinin de önemli düzeyde uzadığı tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, sepsisli buzağılarda yatış pozisyonunun (sternal/lateral) değerlendirmesinin, hayvanların genel sağlık durumu ve metabolik asidozun şiddetinin bir göstergesi olarak önemli bir kriter olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
This study was supported by The Coordination Unit of Scientific Research Projects, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye (Project No. V-003).
Project Number
V-003
References
- Aydogdu, U., Coskun, A., Yildiz, R., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2019). Clinical importance of lipid profile in neonatalcalves with sepsis. Journal of the Hellenic VeterinaryMedical Society, 69(4), 1189-1194.https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15926.
- Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Başbuğ, O., Türk, S., & Ağaoğlu, Z. T. (2023). The relationship between the severity of azotemia and blood gases in 101 calves with neonatal diarrhea. Veterinarski arhiv, 93(1), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv. 1591.
- Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Yıldız, R., Güzelbekteş, H., & Şen, İ. (2018). Sistemik yangısal cevap sendromlu buzağılarda hematolojik parametreler ve serum demir düzeyindeki değişimler. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 34(1), 56-59. https://doi.org/10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.2018.180.
- Bedenice D. Sepsis in Foals. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition/management-of-the-neonate/sepsis-in-foals#:~:text=Sepsis%20is%20a%20cli nical%20syndrome,%2C%20and%20liver%2C%20can%20occur. Erişim Tarihi: 17.12.2023.
- Biolatti, C., Bellino, C., Borrelli, A., Capucchio, M., Gianella, P., Maurella, C., Miniscalco, B., Nebbia, P., Zoppi, S., Cagnasso, A., & D'Angelo, A. (2012). Sepsis and bacterial suppurative meningitis-meningoencephalitis in critically ill neonatal Piedmontese calves: clinical approach and laboratory findings. Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde, 154(6), 239 246. https://doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000339.
- Bonelli, F., Meucci, V., Divers, T. J., Boccardo, A., Pravettoni, D., Meylan, M., Belloli, A. G., & Sgorbini, M. (2018). Plasma procalcitonin concentration in healthy calves and those with septic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Veterinary journal (London, England: 1997), 234, 61–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.02.003.
- Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H., & Grünberg, W. (2017). Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of thediseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 11thed., Saunders Ltd, Philadelphia.
- Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2012a). Lipopolisakkarit ile endotoksemi oluşturulan buzağılarda akut faz cevap ve klinik değişimler. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 28 (1), 21-26.
- Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2012b). Haematological, biochemical and coagulation changes in calves with endotoxemia. Agricultural Journal, 7(1), 37-41.
- Coskun, A., Aydogdu, U., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2020). The levels of trace elements and macrominerals in calves with sepsis. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(3), 351-355. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2019.23187.
- Dawes, M. E., Tyler, J. W., Hostetler, D. E., Nagy, D. W., & Tessman, R. K. (2013). Clinical examination, diagnostic testing, and treatment options for neonatal calves with diarrhea: A review. The Bovine Practitioner, 48(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol48no1p61-75.
- Fecteau G. Neonatal Septicemia in Bovine Neonates. (2023). https://www.msdvetmanual.com/ management-and-nutrition/management-of-the-neonate/neonatal-septicemia-in-bovine-neonates#:~:text=Septicemia%20is%20a%20syndrome%20with,%2C%20septic%20shock%2C%20and%20death. Erişim Tarihi: 17.12.2023.
- Fecteau, G., Smith, B. P., & George, L. W. (2009). Septicemia and meningitis in the newborn calf. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 25(1), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.10.004.
- Guzelbektes, H., Coskun, A., & Sen, I. (2007). Relationship between the degree of dehydration and the balance of acid-based changes in dehydrated calves with diarrhoea. Bulletin-Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 51(1), 83.
- Guzelbektes, H., Sen, I., Aydogdu, U., Er, C., & Coşkun, A. (2022). Investigation of cytokine levels in calves with sepsis. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 73(2), 4113 4118. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26655.
- Lofstedt, J., Dohoo, I. R., & Duizer, G. (1999). Model to predict septicemia in diarrheic calves. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 13(2), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1892/0891 6640(1999)013<0081:mtpsid>2.3.co;2.
- Mee J. F. (2008). Newborn dairy calf management. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 24(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.10.002.
- Mee, J.F. (2008) Managing the calf at calving time. In Proceedings of the Forty-First Annual Conference, American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Charlotte, NC, USA, 25–27 September ; pp. 46–53.
- Pas, M. L., Bokma, J., Lowie, T., Boyen, F., & Pardon, B. (2023). Sepsis and survival in critically ill calves: Risk factors and antimicrobial use. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 37(1), 374–389. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16607.
- Stocker, H., Lutz, H., Kaufmann, C., & Rüsch, P. (1999). Acid-base disorders in milk-fed calves with chronic indigestion. The Veterinary record, 145(12), 340–346. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.145.12.340.
- Szenci O. (2023). Importance of monitoring fetal and neonatal vitality in bovine practices. Animals (Basel), 13(6), 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061081
- Turgut K (2000). Veteriner Klinik laboratuar Teşhis. 2. baskı. Bahçıvanlar baskı, Konya.
- Vaala W.E., House J.K., Lester G.D. (2009). Neonatal infection. In: Large Animal Internal Medicine, Fourth Edition. Eds. P.B. Smith, Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis MO, USA, pp. 281-292.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Sciences (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | V-003 |
| Early Pub Date | December 27, 2023 |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
| Submission Date | December 18, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 25, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 |