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Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Its Public Health Significance

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 78 - 86, 29.12.2025

Seyda Şahin , İrem Koç

https://doi.org/10.51755/turkvetj.1697519

Abstract

A member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a significant microorganism both food safety and human health. E. coli is used as an indicator microorganism for monitoring antibiotic resistance because it occurs in the intestines in both people and farm animals as a commensal organism. The presence of E. coli in food is considered an important indicator of fecal contamination. E. coli can cause various infections in humans, including enteritis, urinary tract infections, septicemia, and neonatal meningitis. Various antibiotics are used to treat E. coli infections, with β-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams) being widely employed. The extensive use of β-lactam antibiotics has led to the emergence and spread of β-lactam resistance. Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) are particularly prevalent in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). ESBLs can be transmitted through different routes, including hospital environments, person-to-person contact, animal-to-human transmission, consumption of contaminated food, and fecal-contaminated water. E. coli strains producing ESBLs often exhibit multidrug resistance, complicating the treatment of infections in clinical settings. Therefore, this review evaluated the presence of ESBL producing E. coli in animal derived foods, their antimicrobial resistance status, and the potential public health risks. The necessity of continuing efforts to limit antimicrobial use to prevent the spread of resistance to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides in E. coli. Given the risk of ESBL-producing E. coli spreading to humans through the food chain, monitoring these bacteria in food-producing animals is crucial for public health protection. Within the One Health framework, ESBL-producing E. coli should be evaluated holistically from human, animal, and environmental perspectives. Considering the risk of transmission along the food chain, monitoring animal-derived foods is critically important for public health. In combating antimicrobial resistance, a multidisciplinary collaboration, particularly between veterinary and human medicine, along with controlled antibiotic use, is of great significance.

Keywords

ESBL Escherichia coli food antimicrobial resistance public health one health

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Genişlemiş Spekturumlu Βeta Laktamaz (GSBL) Sentezleyen Escherichia coli ve Halk Sağlığı Açısından Önemi

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 78 - 86, 29.12.2025

Seyda Şahin , İrem Koç

https://doi.org/10.51755/turkvetj.1697519

Abstract

Enterobacteriaceae ailesinin üyesi olan Escherichia coli (E. coli), hem insan sağlığı hem de gıda güvenliği açısından önemli bir mikroorganizmadır. İnsan ve çiftlik hayvanlarının bağırsaklarında komensal olarak bulunan E. coli antimikrobiyal direncin izlenmesinde indikatör mikroorganizma olarak kullanılmaktadır. E. coli’nin gıdalarda bulunması fekal bulaşmanın önemli bir göstergesi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. E. coli insanlarda enterit, üriner sistem enfeksiyonu, septisemi ve neonatal menenjit gibi farklı enfeksiyonlara neden olmaktadır. E. coli enfeksiyonların tedavisinde çeşitli antibiyotikler kullanılmaktadır. Bu enfeksiyonların tedavisinde β-laktam grubu antibiyotikler (penisilinler, sefalosporinler, karbapenemler ve monobaktamlar) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. β-laktam antibiyotiklerin yaygın kullanımı β-laktam direncinin ortaya çıkmasına ve yayılmasına yol açmaktadır. Genişlemiş Spektrumlu β-laktamaz (GSBL) üretimi özellikle E. coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) görülmektedir. GSBL’ler, hastane ortamlarından, insandan insana, hayvanlardan insanlara, kontamine gıda tüketimiyle veya fekal olarak kontamine su dâhil olmak üzere farklı yollarla bulaşabilmektedir. GSBL sentezleyen E. coli’ler çoğunlukla çoklu ilaç direncine sahiptirler ve bu da klinikte enfeksiyonların tedavisini zorlaştırmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu derlemede hayvansal kaynaklı gıdalarda GSBL üreten E. coli’nin varlığı, antimikrobiyal direnç durumu ve halk sağlığı üzerindeki potansiyel riskleri değerlendirildi. E. coli’deki β-laktam, florokinolon ve makrolid grubu antibiyotiklere karşı görülen yaygın direncin önlenebilmesi için antimikrobiyal kullanımını sınırlandırmaya yönelik çalışmalara devam edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. Bu antimikrobiyallere dirençli GSBL üreten E. coli’nin gıda zinciri boyunca insanlara yayılabilmesi riski nedeniyle gıda değeri olan hayvanlarda izlenmesi halk sağlığının korunması açısından dikkate değerdir. Tek sağlık yaklaşımı çerçevesinde GSBL üreten E. coli’nin insan, hayvan ve çevreyi de içine alan bütüncül bir yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Gıda zinciri boyunca GSBL üreten E. coli’lerin yayılma riski göz önüne alındığında hayvansal gıdaların izlenmesi halk sağlığının korunması yönünden kritik öneme sahiptir. Antimikrobiyal direnç ile mücadelede, veteriner ve beşeri hekimler başta olmak üzere multidisipliner yaklaşım ve kontrollü antibiyotik kullanımı büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords

GSBL Escherichia coli gıda antimikrobiyal direnç halk sağlığı tek sağlık

Ethical Statement

Gerek yoktur

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

Bu derleme, 23-25 Mayıs 2024 tarihîlerinde düzenlenen Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Öğrencileri Kongresi’nde (CÜSKON’24) özet bildiri olarak sözlü sunulmuştur.

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There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Food Hygiene and Technology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Seyda Şahin 0000-0002-8173-7818

İrem Koç 0000-0003-0998-5873

Submission Date May 12, 2025
Acceptance Date July 18, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şahin, S., & Koç, İ. (2025). Genişlemiş Spekturumlu Βeta Laktamaz (GSBL) Sentezleyen Escherichia coli ve Halk Sağlığı Açısından Önemi. Turkish Veterinary Journal, 7(2), 78-86. https://doi.org/10.51755/turkvetj.1697519